After the historic crises of the 1930s and 1970s, which marked the 20th century, the threat of inflation has never completely disappeared in the West. While rising prices are the most obvious manifestation of inflation on a day-to-day basis - and hit low-income earners the hardest - this phenomenon, with its multiple causes and consequences, is far more complex. The current inflation, which has been felt worldwide for over a year, is the result of an exceptional combination of factors: the slowdown in production lines during the Covid-19 pandemic and the sudden upturn in consumption that followed it, as well as the rise in raw material prices linked to the war in Ukraine.